Description |
All field observations on Nuttall Woodpeckers were collected on the 800-ha Hastings Natural History Reservation, Monterey County, California, which is operated by the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley (Linsdale 1947, Griffin 1974). Live oaks (Quercus agrifolia) dominate on lower hillsides and are co-dominant with valley oaks (Q. lobata) on broad valley bottoms. Live and valley oaks also occur in riparian areas, together with willow (Salix spp.) and California sycamore (Platanus racemosa). Picoides nuttallii were found regularly in these areas, foraging primarily in the oaks. Miller and Bock (1972) examined the use of oaks by P. nuttallii in relation to the relative abundance of these plant species at Hastings. Strong seasonal shifts occurred in the use of live, blue (Q. douglasii), and valley oaks, although these three oaks were all used extensively throughout the year. I observed woodpeckers each morning and in the late afternoon from June to October 1976; midday observations were infrequent due to reduced foraging activity during these hours. I recorded frequency of use of species of tree or shrub for foraging, diameter and angle of foraging perch, and foraging technique employed by the bird. Height of the occupied tree and height of the woodpecker above ground were also estimated at the first sighting of each foraging individual. General weather condition and the sex and age (young vs. adult) of the foraging individual were also noted.
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